B.Sc., 1979, M.Sc., 1980, Ph.D. (astronomy), 1984, University of Toronto
MPhys (physics and astrophysics), 1997, University of Leicester; PhD, 2000, University of Durham
B.S. (physics), 1997, Arizona State University; M.A. (astronomy), 1999, Ph.D. (astronomy), 2004, University of Virginia
B.A. (physics), 1970, University of California, Berkeley; Ph.D. (astronomy), 1976, University of California, Santa Cruz
B.A. (astronomy and physics), 1990, Harvard University; M.A., 1991, Ph.D (astronomy), 1995, University of California, Berkeley
B.S. (astronomy and physics), 1991, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Ph.D (astronomy), 1998, University of California, Santa Cruz
B.S. (physics), 2000, California Institute of Technology; Ph.D (astronomy), 2006, The Ohio State University
B.S. (astronomy and physics) 1969, University of Southern California; M.Sc. (astronomy), 1971, Ph.D. (astronomy), 1974, University of Toronto
B.S. physics and astronomy 1983, University of Arizona; Ph.D. astronomy, 1988, University of California, Berkeley
B.Sc., 1981, London University; M.A., 1984, Ph.D., 1988, University of Texas - Austin
A.B., 1969, Princeton University; M.S. and Ph.D., 1974, California Institute of Technology
B.Sc. (physics), 1966, McGill University; Ph.D. (astronomy), 1972, California Institute of Technology
A.B., 1974 San Diego State University; Ph.D. (Astronomy), 1977, University of California, Santa Cruz
B.S. (physics), 1952, Yale University; Ph.D. (astronomy), 1959, University of California, Berkeley
Diploma (physics), 1988, Gutenberg University, Mainz; Ph.D. (astronomy), 1992, Cambridge University
B.S. (physics), 1971; Ph.D. (solid-state physics), 1976, University of Chile
Lizentiat (astronomy), 1968, University of Bern; M.A., 1970, Ph.D. (astronomy), 1975, University of California, Berkeley
B.S. (physics), 1969, Yale University; Ph.D. (astronomy), 1973, California Institute of Technology
B.S. (physics), 1998, Stanford University; M.A. (astrophysics), 2000, Ph.D. (astrophysics), 2005, University of California, Berkeley
B.Sc. (physics and astronomy), 1971, M.Sc. (physics and astronomy), 1974, University of British Columbia; Ph.D. (physics and astronomy), 1980, University of Western Ontario
BSc. Physics, Bishop's University (1994); MSc. Physics, (1995), PhD Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto (2002)